You Can Write About Berlin Crisis Essay Topics and me Can Experience That Feeling

You Can Write About Berlin Crisis Essay Topics and me Can Experience That FeelingBerlin Crisis Essay Topics requires you to write about a serious problem, or lack of a problem, which you are able to confront. Since people and government authorities don't really talk about such things anymore, we can now find this problem and there is only one thing left for us to do, to write about it. Hence we write about it and like I said in the title, we wrote this because we are in Berlin. When the times get tough, and it is in crisis, so should we be brave and face it bravely.You might be wondering why we are in Berlin when our concern is about such a topic. What we need is such an urgent and pressing issue to get across to the public how this crisis must be overcome in a serious manner. Why are we in Berlin in the first place?Because there is nothing to compare to the genuine worry and concern of the citizens in Berlin, it is something that is unique and would be an inspiration for others as w ell. The city of Berlin seems to be experiencing a unique problem and everything seems to be tied together.My name is Michael and I was in the position to write about Berlin Crisis Essay Topics and I can relate with the people in Berlin. After all, they are burdened with such a difficult problem that they cannot even find time to consider such a most important topic. Let me tell you how I found this interesting. There was a problem and I was able to discover it because I was writing about it.I read an article entitled 'Ireland in crisis' in Dublin and I can see the situation where Irish citizens are in a genuine dilemma. When I think of Ireland, I picture the image of a prosperous nation that makes an effort to provide the people with all the goods and services. Now, even some may object with this but this is the reality of the current economic situation in Ireland.I also notice the pressure to resolve the current situation, which is something not seen in Ireland since its independe nce. When I read 'Ireland in crisis' it made me realize that for the people in the country, which is my country, no matter how powerful it is, it has to live within a very demanding predicament.They live under the real threat of being impoverished and everything is behind that crisis. Therefore, when I saw this article I said that I will go online and find the main thread that gives a picture to what is really happening in Dublin, and I went on to locate the article. Here is the gist of what I am saying.

How Evolution Explains Zebra Stripes

It turns out that zebras are not referees at the horse games as many children may think. In fact, the patterns of the black and white stripes on a zebra are an evolutionary adaptation that has benefits for the animals. Several different and  plausible hypotheses have been proposed for the reason behind the stripes ever since Charles Darwin first came on the scene. Even he puzzled over the significance of the stripes. Over the years, different scientists have suggested the stripes could either be to help camouflage the zebras or confuse predators. Other ideas were to lower body temperature, repel insects, or to help them socialize with one another. The Evolutionary Advantage of Stripes A study, done by Tim Caro and his team from the University of California, Davis, pitted all of these hypotheses against each other and studied the statistics and data gathered. Remarkably, the statistical analysis showed over and over again that the most likely explanation for the stripes was to keep flies from biting the zebras. Although the statistical research is sound, many scientists are careful about declaring that hypothesis the winner until more specific research can be done. So why would stripes be able to keep the flies from biting the zebras? The pattern of the stripes seems to be a deterrent to the flies possibly due to the make up of the flies eyes. Flies have a set of compound eyes, just like humans do, but the way they see out of them is much different. Most species of flies can detect motion, shapes, and even color. However, they do not use cones and rods in their eyes. Instead, they evolved small individual visual receptors called  ommatidia. Each compound eye of the fly has thousands of these ommatidia that create a very broad field of vision for the fly. Another difference between human and fly eyes is that our eyes are attached to muscles that can move our eyes. That allows us to be able to focus as we look around. A flys eye is stationary and cannot move. Instead, each ommatidium collects and processes information from different directions. This means the fly is seeing in several different directions at once and its brain is processing all of this information at the same time. The striped pattern of a zebras coat is a sort of optical illusion to the flys eye because of its inability to focus and see the pattern. It is hypothesized that the fly either misinterprets the stripes as different individuals, or it is a sort of depth perception issue where the flies simply just miss the zebra as they try to feast on it. With the new information from the team at the University of California, Davis, it may be possible for other researchers in the field to experiment and get more information about this very advantageous adaptation for zebras and why it works to keep the flies at bay. As stated above, however, many scientists in the field are hesitant to back this research. There are many other hypotheses as to why zebras have stripes, and there may be several contributing factors as to why zebras have stripes. Just like several human traits are controlled by multiple genes, zebra stripes may be the equivalent for the zebra species. There may just be more than one reason as to why the zebras evolved stripes and not having flies biting them may just be one of them (or a pleasant side effect of the real reason).

Essay about How Steroids and HGH Destroyed Baseball

Close your eyes for a moment. Picture you are a little kid on a baseball field playing the sport you love. Now picture twenty years beyond that point: you are in the major leagues and you are the best. It is a tight race to achieve the Most Valuable Player award and you lose by just a few votes. Come to find out the person you lost to is taking an illegal banned substance connected with HGH. You had the award you had been working for and dreaming of receiving stolen away from you. Steroids and HGH have ruined how many see the game today and not only that but they are causing serious harm to the athletes who take them. Therefore, these substances should be banned and made illegal in all baseball leagues for good. HGH†¦show more content†¦That statement is wrong because in reality all this drug does is hurt them. The article clearly states that HGH does not increase muscle, it just increases the bulk of the muscle. Hurting people isn’t what the game should be about. The game should simply be about players’ cleanly showing off the talents they have practiced their whole life to acquire. HGH should be banned from the sport for good simply because it does no good for the game or the players. Steroids are evil. They do much more harm than good, but can they kill you? Yes, they can and that is one of the risks you run into and need to be made aware of before taking the drug. Steroids turn people completely crazy and make them into a person they weren’t before they started taking the drugs. Taylor Hooton is a perfect example of this. Hooton was a high school baseball stand out in Plano, Texas. Hooton was loved by many and most people in his high school considered him to be a very likeable and popular guy. On the pitching mound he could always be counted upon him to throw strikes (â€Å"An Athletes Dangerous†¦Ã¢â‚¬ , par.2). On July 15, 2011, Hooton hung himself and committed suicide. Dr. Larry W. Gibbons, president and medical dire ctor of the Cooper Aerobics Center stated â€Å"It’s a pretty strong case that he was withdrawing from steroids and his suicide was directly related to that, this is a kid who was well liked, had a lot goodShow MoreRelatedDoping in Sports and the Current Issues for Management757 Words   |  3 PagesOnce and for all, I did not use steroids or any other illegal substance. (Mark McGwire) Doping in Sport and the current issues and challenges for sport management, how did it all start and what now? Sports in the world have been generating billions and billions of dollars for years. This money comes from sponsorships, media rights, and legal gambling. All of a sudden, out of know where several sports have been destroyed by doping. Doping has questioned the integrity of most sports on a global scaleRead MoreBeing an athlete is not an easy task especially when you’re constantly competing, throughout more1800 Words   |  8 Pagesthem with the law also being involved. Performance-enhancing drugs are substances that are used by an individual to help them perform better athletically. In many sports, steroids is the most popular and easiest of drugs in the market. In medical terminology steroids are often referred to as an anabolic steroids. An anabolic steroid is a compound that is composed of a group of synthetic hormones which is derived from male testosterone. It enhances the capabilities of a person’s body with physiologicalRead MoreEssay on Steroids Should be Banned in Sports2667 Words   |  11 PagesCurrently it is an estimated that at least 6.67 percent of high school seniors in the United States have tried steroids, which is 500,000 males between the ages of 17 and 18 (Anabolic Steroids). The pressure of steroids on teenagers is constantly drilled into their heads because they associate increased strength with perfection. Teenagers are under immense pressure to be perfect. Kids are pressured to do well in school, sports, and any other activities that they are participating in. Anything other

Hispaniola And La Espanola, By Christopher Columbus Essay

Hispaniola or la Espanola, named by Christopher Columbus after his landing in 1492, is one of the largest island lying in the Caribbean Sea. The island is divided politically into the Dominican Republic and Haiti. One island, barely a barrier and yet, two completely different cultures and two completely different nations. The island was divided as a result of colonization. While the French colonized the west part of the island, what is today known as Haiti, and the Spanish colonized the east part of the island and what is today known as the Dominican Republic. As a result of those two different colonizations by two completely different nations with different cultures, Haiti and the Dominican Republic became two nations. However, for two nations on the same island with similar ancestry and a similar history, the Dominican Republic and Haiti are in a position where they could help each other if they were ever a time help was needed. That is not the case. After colonization and they f ought for their freedoms, the history between the two nations turned bitter. Therefore, the political relationship between Haiti and the Dominican Republic is a tense affair between two embittered nations occupying one island. As it is, the Dominican Republic became independent in 1844, forty years after Haiti. Unlike Haiti, the Dominican Republic was colonized by the Spaniards. Given the fact that Haiti gained its independence before the Dominican Republic, most of the nation wanted to stay asShow MoreRelatedThe Background Of Christopher Columbus1361 Words   |  6 Pages2. Describe the background of Christopher Columbus. 150 Words Cristoforo Colombo or commonly known today as, Christopher Columbus, was a navigator, sailor, and a coloniser who was inspired by other sailors books such as, Livres des merveilles du monde (Book of the Marvels of the world), published by Marco Polo. He was thought to be born on 31st October 1451 in Genoa, Republic of Genoa, but historians haven’t actually confirmed this to be true. He was the son of two wool weavers named Domenico ColomboRead MoreReview Of Christopher Columbus s The New World 1605 Words   |  7 Pages3. Achievements of Christopher Columbus. 3.1. Finding and Colonising of the New World. King Ferdinand II and Queen Isabella I, the Catholic Monarchs of Aragon, Castile, and Leon in Spain sponsored Columbus’ first journey. The funding was used to give Columbus crewmembers, and the money to afford three ships called the Nià ±a, Pinta, and Santa Marà ­a. Columbus and his crew then sailed west in hopes to find an alternate route to the lucrative Chinese trade markets or a new Silk Road. After two monthsRead MoreChristopher Columbus, A Explorer, Sailor, And A Coloniser1711 Words   |  7 Pagescommonly known today as, Christopher Columbus, was a navigator, sailor, and a coloniser. Columbus’ influences on discovering a new route to the Indies revolved around many books such as, Livres des merveilles du monde (Book of the Marvels of the world), published by Marco Polo and many other sailors. He was thought to be born on 31st October 1451 in Genoa, Republic of Genoa, but historians have not in fact corroborated this to be true. Filipa Moniz Perestrello was the wife of Columbus and the son of twoRead MoreThe Dominican Republic Became A Nation Of Their Own1227 Words   |  5 Pages On the day of February 27, 1844, the Dominican Republic became a nation of their own. The island was named La Isla Espaà ±ola and soon became Hispaniola, when Christopher Columbus discovered the island in 1492. Santo Domingo became the Spanish capital a few years later. Due to Sant o Domingo s location, it was a gateway to the Caribbean. In the year of 1838, a secret society called La Trinitaria was organized by Spanish-speaking Dominicans to overthrow Haitian rule. Juan Pablo Duarte, a son ofRead MoreChristopher Columbus And The New World1579 Words   |  7 PagesAugust 3rd, 1492, Christopher Columbus would depart from Spain in efforts to reach the New World and to try to colonize it. December 5th, of the same year, Columbus would arrive to an island in the Caribbean, which he proceeded to claim and call â€Å"La Espanola† (Hispaniola). More Spaniards came to the island to colonize it and create a plantation economy because the island was so rich and diverse in their resources. Nearly 200 years later, when France became a major European power, the French decidedRead MoreColor Tone, Gradient, Race, And Ethnicity1098 Words   |  5 Pagestraditionally non-marginalized upper class and those who leave the confines of Hispaniola. Before diving into the effects of the racism and prejudice brought about by the Dominican Republics deeply held bias, it is important to understand the origin. Santo Domingo, in present-day Dominican Republic, is the oldest European settlement in the Western Hemisphere. The island of Hispaniola (then Espaà ±ola) was â€Å"discovered† by Christopher Columbus during his first voyage in 1492. Although there were native peoplesRead MoreIs The Public Bad Side Of Haiti?1602 Words   |  7 Pagesfor what it really is, for it’s history, it’s people, it’s culture, it’s landmarks and many more (1). Our warm culture, our contagious smile, our country s natural beauty, and our resilience are what set us apart from the rest. After Cuba Hispaniola is the second-largest island in the Caribbean, with an area of 76,192 square kilometers; the Dominican Republic ruling 48,440 square kilometers of the eastern portion of the island is twice as big as Haiti occupying 27,750 square kilometers of theRead MoreLatin Americ The Era Of Colonization2711 Words   |  11 Pagesera of colonization. Latin America was colonized by Spain and Portugal, but mostly Spain, Portugal colonized Brazil. The failure of Latin America as a state can be attributed to the act of colonization by the Spanish and Portuguese. When Christopher Columbus sailed to the New World for the Spanish in 1492 under the rule of King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella, he was sent with three ships, The Nina, The Pinta, and The Santa Maria, these three ships carried European men who acted as Columbus’s crewmenRead More The United States and Cuba: An Embargo for the Ages Essay4604 Words   |  19 Pagesnations. Before analyzing the situation leading up to the Cuban embargo, it is important to look at the history of the development of the Caribbean as a whole. This means analyzing the factors that led to the modern development of islands like Hispaniola (consisting of Haiti and the Dominican Republic), Jamaica, and of course Cuba. It is also essential to observe and examine the economic and social changes that resulted from these islands’ shifts from colonial outposts to independent producers.

The Cultural Theory Of Crime And Violence - 1515 Words

Defined, a subculture is a culture that exists within the main dominant culture of a society. Therefore, members of a subculture will have different norms and values to those in the rest of society, which in turn could lead to them being seen as deviant because of this. Youth subcultures provide members with an identity that sits outside of that assigned by social foundations such as family, school, home and work. Participants of a subculture often make people aware of their membership by making characteristic and symbolic choices in the way they dress, style their hair, what footwear they wear, and intangible choice in interests, dialect, music genre and meeting places. In criminology, the sub cultural theory emerged from the work of the Chicago School and its interest on gangs, and developed through symbolic interactions in to a set of ideas which argue that certain groups or subcultures in society have values and attitudes that are similar to those related to crime and violence. One of the most famous explanations to come from the Chicago school is that of Clifford Shaw and Henry McKay. Shaw and McKay studied adolescent crime rates in Chicago. They divided the city in to a series of condensed rings; they then calculated the misdemeanour rates in the rings, finding that the areas with the highest rates of crime and violence were those situated right in the centre of the city, with the rates dropping outward from the centre. They found that delinquency was a lot lower inShow MoreRelatedStreet Code : The Cultural Argument Essay990 Words   |  4 PagesStreet Code: The Cultural Argument The Elijah Anderson’s article, â€Å"Code of the Streets† is a perfect illustration for cultural arguments because it involves environments that are susceptible to learning a criminal culture; even up to a point of promoting that type of criminal behavior as â€Å"normal†. It also has links to Differential Association and Social Learning theories of crime Culture transmission theories or cultural theories are theories that try to explain why, at a macro-level, some environmentsRead MoreThe Situation Action Theory ( Sat ) Essay1747 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The situation action theory (SAT) by Wikstrà ¶m and Treiber (2009) was developed to overcome and unify key problems in prominent criminological theories in predicting why criminal behaviors occur in society This paper will be discussing the SAT as well as how it relates to the terrorism issues currently facing the European Union. This paper will be discussing the current immigration crisis in Europe and the impact of the SAT and how it relates to an increase in terrorist activities. FinallyRead MorePsychological and Sociological Theories of Domestic Violence Essay1674 Words   |  7 PagesDomestic violence is a crime that occurs regularly within the United States. It claims millions of victims each year. There is not a specific cause to establish why domestic violence occurs. However, it has been documented that domestic violence is a product of physical, emotional, sexual, psychological, and any other forms of torture or torment that the particular abuser wishes to employ to gain control or power over their victims (Gosselin, 2005). Due to the complexity of this crime, many criminologistsRead MoreThe God That Failed Outlines The Historical Developments From The Ancien Regime Of Royal Rulers1060 Words   |  5 Pageshistorical developments from the ancien regime of royal rulers to the new democratic-republican age of chosen rulers and theorizes how this development has not been social progress as commonly viewed but instead marks a civilizational decline. His theory proposes three different â€Å"revisions† of beliefs and interpretations of modern history—one, that monarchial government is a privately-owned government that promotes future-orientedness and â€Å"a concern for capital values and economic calculation by theRead MoreSocial Disorganization Theory And Cultural Deviance Theory1325 Words   |  6 PagesAs criminologist continue research on the sociological theories as it relates to the social structure, social process and the impac t of social life. There is still room to compare and contrast the social structure theories that include social disorganization theory, strain theories and cultural deviance theory. The social disorganization theory was first referenced with the displacement among immigrants. Scholars believed this was due to the immigrants inability to transfer norms and values fromRead MoreViolence And Hate Crime And Violence Through Intercultural Praxis, Education, And Socially Responsible Actions1431 Words   |  6 PagesViolence and hate crimes are frequent in the United States and have become a major issue for many people. Violence comes in many different forms such as domestic, societal, and individual. Violence is the main cause of distress and has the power to tear families apart. As a result, the newer generation of kids are left to deal with insecurity, inequality, and injustice. In order to ensure that people carry out the proper approach to violence, professionals and even every day in dividuals must be trainedRead MoreViolence in the Media Does Not Contribute to the Violence in the Society1733 Words   |  7 Pagesdiscuss whether violence in media contributes to the violence in the society. The essay will first define who the society is and what constitutes as violence in both the media and in society. It will then discuss audience reception studies and the uses and gratifications theory as to how the audiences receive the media and what they do with it. With evidence from supporting articles and a survey done, this essay will argue that violence in the media does not contribute to the violence in society. Read MoreDecent and Street People in the Code of the Streets by Elijah Anderson1679 Words   |  7 Pagesapproaches of social control, labeling, and social conflict theories when talking about the violence among inner cities due to cultural adaptations. Anderson’s theory examined African Americans living in America’s inner cities that are driven to follow the â€Å"street code† and work to maintain respect, loyalty, and their own self-image. 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American children and adolescents are being exposed to increasing amounts of media violence, especially in television, movies, video games, and youth-oriented music. Video game violence, childrens cartoons, and music lyrics have become increasingly graphic. In movies, action films depict vivid precise murders, rapes

Litrature Review On Cross Cultural Management for Business

Question: Write about theLitrature Review On Cross Cultural Management for Business. Answer: Introduction In the past decades, there have been increased social interactions that have resulted in cultural diversity. The cultural diversity in many institutions causes different behaviors of employees calling for the need of cross-cultural management to enable each person in a society to accommodate the diverse cultural practices. The cross-cultural management is essential in the global leadership as it enables effective management of diverse people with diverse cultural behavior. This paper is a literature review of an article on the development of cross-cultural management to the global leadership with emphasis on the culture and business, culture and MNCs, and culture and communication. According to the article, cross-cultural management and global leadership are interrelated and have a long history. The article denotes that cross-cultural management arose simultaneously with organizations behavior and management back in the 1900s and not as a result of the World War II. The early works of cross culture management consisted of identification of the theories that were capable of relating and making cultures relevant to others. However, these theories lacked sophisticated approaches for difference exploration of cultures. From1960 to 1980, cross-cultural management focused on the study of organizational behavior and management systems of other countries apart from the United States that had cultural settings that were perceived as foreign. (Weber 2016).After the World War II, many organizations mainly from America moved across borders in search of a market for their products. These firms sent expatriates to the overseas countries to oversee the management of those for eign investments by training the local managers; however, the management was not easy as in the mother countries as a result of the effect of local cultures, political, business, and legal system. There was a need to extend the American management techniques by expatriates who had difficulty in adapting to the local cultures and assigning of the local employees led to global leadership. This led to an organizational restructuring of most of the multinational corporations from the multi-domestic, regional and matrix organizational structures, thus required expatriate to acquire more skills that enabled them efficiently operated in those foreign countries. This led to the development of Hofstedes cultural theory used by current global leaders. Cross-Cultural Management Cross-cultural management refers to the process of accommodating and controlling differences cultural practices in an organization to allow mutual understanding among employees of the different cultures. Multinational Corporations are companies that operate in some countries with all operations done from the home country. Such group companies are always subdivided into four main categories that are: multinational, decentralized corporation with the availability of stable home country (Molwa et al. 2013, p.10). The centralized global corporation that tends to acquire cheaper resources on the availability of support that is more cheaper thus international companies that develops Parent Corporations technology, and the transnational enterprise that applies the three approaches in their operation. Cross-cultural management entailed research on leadership related issues and categorized into uni-cultural, comparative, and intercultural. The uni-cultural emphasize on the organizational management within a single country, for example, the German organizations that have provided dynamic knowledge on country-specific and culture-specific leadership. The comparative emphasize on the comparison of two or more countries for example in Mexico, based on psychological and the sociological perspectives that employee the cultural theories and frameworks to explore the perspectives Turkey and India. Previous comparatives leadership studies indicate large differences in the leadership style and followers behavior between or among many cultures. For example, the collectivist cultures people are more like to follow a leader than individualistic cultures, and leaders in the high power distance are more authoritative than leaders from the low power distance. Finally the intercultural research entailed the study among many countries and focuses on how an individual from one successfully or unsuccessfully blend with cultural differences associated with management practices. All these categories utilize culture as the basis of the operations since there is always the availability of numerous employees with a diverse background. Cultural differences tend to affect organization trade behaviors, therefore, changing the international trade practices that are much far different with the parent country, therefore require proper cultural management since they are always faced with difficulty in decision making, marketing problems and safety issues. Cross-cultural management requires applications of various theories such as Hofstede's model that entails individualism/ collectivism, masculinity/feminist/ uncertainty/avoidance, and power distance (Garriott et al. 2017, p.306). The approach provides various reasons of cultural behavior of employees from a different background, for example, in power distance cultures; individuals are always in love for power and always feel very bad when giving orders by other people. An employee from countries such as Malaysia tends to show great deference to those that are on the higher ranks of authority, unlike that individual from the low culture embrace discussion across all levels of participation. The individualistic cultures such as from the United Kingdom, express independence of employees in completing tasks while the collectivist cultures such as China embraces a lot of group work. With all these, it is evidential that every multinational corporation requires varied ways of management to succeed and this can only be possible when the company strikes a balance in honoring all the cultures. The reasonable way of honoring all the cultures in a multinational corporation is to create a community culture across all the offices, various lines of communication and a social media group that will link all employees from different cultures into a common mission. Culture and Communication Globalization of leaders forces the introduction of cross-cultural communication. According to the article, cross culture communication is the effective way of an individual executes communication behaviors that negotiate with cultural identity in a cultural environment. Culture determines the type of language being spoken and therefore influences the communication ability and style of the people in particular countries. Culture shapes peoples ways of thinking, seeing interpreting, and hearing (Oili Dong 2016, p.408). The difference in languages of different people in the same organization makes communication to be challenging as each culture offers a different set of rules and codes. Global leadership intercultural communication requires the acquisition of various skills such as mindfulness, behavioral flexibility, cognitive flexibility, tolerance of ambiguity and cross-cultural empathy. Mindfulness refers to the thinking process that enables one to process new information, new categories, and multiple perspectives. It helps one to be mindful of the subjective assumptions, emotions, and cognition. Cognitive flexibility enables one to compare multiple perspectives and consider a variety of frameworks. Behavioral flexibility refers to the individual skill of executing behaviors while tolerance ambiguity is the affinity to recognize ambiguous circumstance as desirable. Intercultural communication is divided into various contexts such as high-context versus low context, sequential versus synchronic, and affective versus neutral. In High context cultures such as Arabs, Asians tend to live a lot of unspecified messages, and therefore, nonverbal cues are essential in between the lines of communication (Lewis 2017, p.298). On the other hand, the low context cultures such as Britain have explicit and specific messages .Sequential cultures such as the United States tend to think of the time and embrace time as a linear commodity that requires proper management. These cultures are always business people and tend to pay full attention to specific agendas before moving into another one. While others such as Europe and Asia, tend to view time synchronically, as a steady supply that needs to be experienced in a moment and as a force that needs to restriction. These cultures view the time flow as the cycle with the constant relation of the past, present, and the future thereby influence how people and organizations of such cultures approach investment, deadlines and strategic thinking. Every international business, have specific practices and emotions, that majorly depend on the affective or neutral aspects. The individuals from the affective culture such as the U.S tend to readily show emotions while individual from the neutral cultures such as Japan tends to keep of restrain their feelings. These create differences in communication in a mixture of such culture; as most of the time, people expect confirmation n feelings and cues during the discussion. For example, if the communication approach is highly emotional, then direct emotional responses such as I feel the same way is best while when the communication approach is highly neutral, then indirect responses such as I concur with your ideas are more appropriate. Cross-Cultural Management Theories Several theories have been developed to explain the cross culture and the management of cross-cultural organizations. Among those theories, include Fons Trompennars and Charles Hampden Turner. Both Fons Trompenaars and Charles Hampden Turner identified about seven value orientation and classified culture as a mix of conduct and value design. Among the seven values identified include neutral versus emotional universalism versus particularism, individualism versus communitarians, achievements versus ascription, diffuse versus specific cultures, human versus relationship and human-nature relationship. The monochromic and polychromic cultural theory insist that culture have different insights of time, and time is the essential base on which all religions repose and around and which all events rotate. The monochromic culture insists on doing one thing at a time while the polychromic culture embraces the method of doing things at the same time. The Schwarz model developed by Hosted accounts seven basis cultural values that are: conversion hierarchy, intellectual autonomy, harmony, competency, and egalitarian. Implementation of Cross-Cultural Management According to Etowa and Debs-Ivall (2017) the transfer of cross-cultural knowledge, the creation of collaborative atmosphere, intercultural learning, interactive translation, cross-cultural networking, and development of competence are the major task that needs focus on cross-cultural management. Employees cultural awareness can be improved through effective cross-cultural training offered by the organization.The training focuses on the foreign cultures to enable each employee embraces different cultures that are available in the organization hence help the employees to have a mutual understanding. Additionally, training reduces the time required for the employees to understand different cultures (Alexxander, Havercomea Mujtaba 2015, p.16). Effective cross-cultural management requires the recruitment team to be ken during the employee selection to minimize future organizational grievance that might arise from the employees. Strengths and Weakness of the Main Article The main article has numerous strengths such clear explanation origin of global leader, and impacts of cross-cultural communications impacts to the effectiveness of the expatriates, like the Thurnau conference in Germany 1998. However, the article is still not definite with the definition of global. The term still does not comprise together all the cultural differences that affect the management of the international business. Strengths and Weakness of Cross-Cultural Management in Global Leadership The major strength of cross-cultural management in global leadership is the capability to foster innovation. Team members from different background share ideas that are combined to come up with a betters strategy, product, or service (Etowa Debs 2017, p.280) .Additionally, cross-cultural management help leaders to improve on their cultural awareness that eventually makes them to effectively manage people from diverse backgrounds. However, there is no identification of weakness of cross-cultural management on the global leadership. Literature Review Conclusion According to the above discussion, culture has different definitions across the world with primary references to the common belief and behaviors of a particular group of people that make them distinctive. Globalization exposes leaders to different business to acquire different cultural practices that at times cross one another; because of diversified values and communication styles. Therefore, the difference calls the need for the cross-cultural management. Multinational corporations depend on the cultures to shape the methods and channels of communications, which is the core of the daily operations of such business. Different models and theories such as Hofstede's theories among others have been developed to help such multinational corporations in managing cultures. The theories help the managers to understand the basis of the cultural differences and how the to tackle any busbies constraint brought about by cultural diversity. The main article has several strengths regarding the cross-cultural management in global leaders such as it provides the framework and development of global leadership. However, it does not define the term global concerning the culture. The cross-cultural management enables global leaders to have insights on how to effectively manage people from diverse backgrounds. List of References Alexander, V, Havercome, C, Mujtaba, B 2015, 'Effectively Managing Employees to Get Results in a Diverse Workplace such as American Express',Journal Of Business Studies Quarterly, 7, 1, pp. 13-26, Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 29 April 2018. Etowa, J, Debs-Ivall, S 2017, 'Leadership and Organizational Commitment to Ethno-Cultural Diversity in Healthcare',Journal Of Ethnographic Qualitative Research, 11, 4, pp. 277-292, Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 29 April 2018. Garriott, P, Faris, E, Frazier, J, Nisle, S, Galluzzo, J 2017, 'Multicultural and International Research in Four Career Development Journals: An 11-Year Content Analysis',Career Development Quarterly, 65, 4, pp. 302-314, Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 29 April 2018. Lewis, GR 2017, 'General Revelation Makes Cross- Cultural Communication Possible',Evangelical Review Of Theology, 41, 4, pp. 292-307, Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 29 April 2018 Mowla, M, Hoque, N, Mamun, A, Rahim-ud-Din, M 2013, 'Dynamics of Cross Cultural Management: A Critical Review',Abasyn University Journal Of Social Sciences, 6, 2, pp. 1-15, Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 28 April 2018. Qili, L, Dong, C 2016, 'The Difficulties and Possibilities of Cross-Cultural Communication: A Case Study of the Global Development of the Confucius Institutes',Chinese Education Society, 49, 6, pp. 402-410, Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 29 April 2018. Weber, O, Sulstarova, B, Singy, P 2016, 'Cross-Cultural Communication in Oncology: Challenges and Training Interests',Oncology Nursing Forum, 43, 1, pp. E24-E33, Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 29 April 2018.

Developing an HR Plan

Question: Discuss about the Developing an HR Plan. Answer: Overview of the Company and its Environment Fresh Fruits Foreverwidely popular as Triple F -- initially started off as a partnership between four people, has now grown into a public limited company with a worth of over $150 million. As the name suggests, Triple F is largely based on the buying and selling of fruits and also offers a variety of fruit-related products to the consumers, for example, fruit juice, pickles, etc. Basically, Triple F is a fruit selling chain. It has gained so much popularity in recent years that it has opened numerous branches throughout the country. Thanks to the outstanding quality of the products it sells and reasonable pricing scheme, the company has been able to soar higher in ever target they set, with each passing year. Recently, thanks to the immense success of the company, people have been vying fruit market as a viable and profitable industry. As a result, various other similar companies have been established. To be precise, Healthy Fruits is Triple Fs major competition at present. While Triple F is the market leader, Healthy Fruits has been giving major competition to the company. Authorities have been in continuous discussions as to how to overcome the competition and establish Triple F as a monopoly in the fruit market industry. Environment in which company is operating in By further conducting SWOT(Humphrey, 1964) and PEST analysis (Aguilar, 1967), it can be seen that Triple F has an edge over fruit production, fruit juice making and other things over its competitors as the company has had a really long experience in the sector. Likewise, it has a specialist marketing expertise, a wide scope for market growth and favorable economic and technological factors. However, recent advancement in technology in fruit juice making processes and Triple Fs competitor cashing on it might be a problem. Apparently, the machine requires a huge capital investment. Triple recently invested in opening a new branch; hence, it currently doesnt have the funds to buy the advanced machine. This might be a problem as Healthy Fruits has been selling fruit juices and pickles at a cheaper price because of this. Companys Strategic Objectives A corporate strategy is a long-term strategy designed to achieve the ultimate goal of the company. They are goals understood as the ultimate aim and should be achieved in order to determine the success of any business or the competitive position and distinctive competence (Yeung, 1991). To achieve strategic objectives, strategic management, strategic analysis and strategic choices are made. The following are Triple Fs strategic objectives: Providing healthy and satisfactory services As a company that is very much interested in providing quality services to its customers, satisfaction in customers has always been Tripe Fs main corporate objective. In order to achieve this, the company has been constantly striving to provide good quality product to its customers. Increased market share Like any company, Triple F is also a profit motive one. Hence, it aims to be the market leader ultimately. Its rapid growth and increasing popularity in recent years have been a testament as to how successful the company has been to achieve this objective. However, it still has a long way to go. Innovation Triple F aims to set a benchmark and create a name for itself in the long run, in the fruit market industry. Hence, it aims to innovate. For a fruit selling company as Triple F, innovation means innovation in terms of production (of juices and pickles), innovation in terms of fruit sowing and production techniques, etc. Corporate Social Responsibility Corporate Social Responsibility(Watts, 2000) is an act of conducting business activities morally by being accountable to the society for ones actions. As an aware and responsible company, Triple F also aims to preserve society and not exploit the resources it has. Under CSR, the company aims to not exploit any o its stakeholder groups, cause minimum harm to the environment and conduct eco-friendly activities wherever possible. Potential HR Implications of the Strategic Objectives In order to achieve the aforementioned strategies, Triple F has conducted a thorough research and various discussions among its different departments and it is HR department, specifically, has been directly involved in the process. Human Resource, often undermined as a department only important for recruitment, is an important department in achieving the strategic objectives of any company. Human Resource Developmentas elaborated in the book Passion Plan At Work -- includes recruitment and training, career development and employee assistance and benefits; as HRs main responsibilities (Chang, 2001). The key implications include: Setting Goals and objectives for the employees Recruitment of people who fit in the company. Keeping employees motivated Having an effective communication channel The authorities set the goals. However, it is the workers who work day and night to achieve the set objectives. Hence, it is the responsibility of the HR department to recruit passionate and enthusiastic individuals who are keen on doing their jobs eagerly. As of today, the HR department has been pretty okay in selecting such individuals. But recently, there have been instances of customer complaints. Some people have expressed their dissatisfaction regarding the qualities of fruits theyve purchased. One individual has even gone far to claim that the chains are selling expired fruit juices and pickles. Another responsibility HR has, as a department is that it must be effective in communicating the changes Triple F has to grow through as an organization. The various changes that occur within and outside the organization have to be thoroughly communicated and the department has to make maximum efforts to prevent resistance in order to keep workers motivated so that productivity is at maximum and cost at minimum level. Triple F, like any other large and dispersed organization, has had issues communicating changes to its large groups of workers. Recently, when some of its branches had to be mechanized (only to an extent), there were short-term problems of redundancy and resistance to change. Recommendation of Specific HR Strategies While Triple Fs HR has been successful in achieving the companys strategic objectives to a great extent, it has been lagging at certain aspects. The most common one: being unable to effectively implement proposed changes. The reason for the resistance to change(Hede, 2001) could be the leadership style being used to implement the change. The HR department could conduct trainings and workshops to workers on all levels focusing on different leadership styles and that change is a natural thing this could help remove the hesitancy that the company has been facing as a whole. In order to decide whether the company should further focus on growth or that it should now focus on innovation and mechanization to avoid competition, the HR department could refer to Ansoffs matrix(Ansoff, 1957) and conduct Force Field Analysis (Lewin, 1943) to analyze the risks of each activity and then, come to a conclusion. Regarding the quality of services and the occasional customer complaints the company has been receiving, Triple F should find out the root cause behind these complaints. If this is a result of low quality products then, better quality checks and quality assurance standards should be established. If this, on the other hand, is a result of poor motivation level among workers, HR should take up measures to improve the motivation level among workers. This could include referring to various motivation theories such as Maslows Hierarchy (Maslow, 1943) and the two-factor theory of motivation (Herzberg, 1968). Furthermore, the company should start investing on what it deemed as innovationits corporate objective and strategy. For this, the HR should start hiring or look for expertise groups that are adept at food processing and production processes related to the fruit market industry, with meaningful discussions from the board of course. An evaluation should be conducted that should provide information that is credible and useful, enabling the incorporation of lessons learned into the decision-making process(Commission, n.d.). Conclusion In conclusion, Triple F has achieved heights and gone lengths in a mere span of ten years. Not only that, it has been growing in a really large and fast pace. In order to make sure that everything is happening under control and that they dont fall behind their competitors, Triple F should now take a step back and focus on innovation their corporate strategyinstead of only focusing on growth. By that, they will be able to keep up with the things happening in the fruit market industry. What is necessary is a situational analysis (Clarke, n.d.) that will help determine the current status of the company and what further steps the company needs to take in order to keep up with its initial corporate strategic objectives. To tackle competition, Triple F should focus on its initial objective of innovation so that Healthy Fruits no longer bears such a big threat to the company. This can be done by maybe increasing share capital so that the company can immediately mechanize all the branches to reduce costs and maximize productivity. In order to measure how the proposed changes have affected the companys performance and whether theyve stepped closer in achieving their goals, Triple F can resort to a few options. In order to compare their market share, they can refer to their sales. To know about customer satisfaction and content, the company could conduct surveys and ask customers about the changes theyd like to see in the services of the company. References Aguilar, F. (1967). Scanning the Business Environment. New York: Macmilian. Ansoff, H. I. (1957). Strategies For Diversification. Harvard Business Review. Chang, R. (2001). The Passion Plan at Work, California: Jossey-Bass. Clarke, A. E. (n.d). Situational Analyses: Grounded Theory Mapping AFter the Postmodern Turn, San Francisco: UNiversity of California. Commission, E. (n.d). Project Cycle Management Guidelines, l.: s.n. Hede, W. H. B. a. A. (2001). Resistance to organizational change. Bovey Management, 11. Herzberg, F. (1968). One More Time: How do You Motivate Employees. Harvard Business Review. Humphrey, A. (1964). Zurich: s.n. Lewin, K. (1943). Defining the Field at a Given Time. Psychological Revoiew, 292-310. Maslow, A. (1943). A Theory of Human Motivation, l.: Psychological Review. Watts, L. H. a. R. (2000). Making Good Business Sense, Geneva: World Business Council for Sustainable Development. Yeung, A. C. a. S. (1991). Ashridge Mission Model. Creating a Sense of Mission, 10-20.